Structure and Function of the nervous system

Neurogenic Language 1. Structure and Function of the nervous system.

Before talk about neurogenic Language, it is necessary to construct a conceptual diagram of the overall nervous system. Looking at the picture above, I thought it would be helpful to conceptualize of neural structure.

In particular, in the case of the 12 crainial nerves, the paths reaching each cranial nerve are colored because they are directly related to our language and speech sounds. I think it would be easier to understand if you recognized the entire nerve diagram as 'gray' and thought that among the language and direct nerve pathways, the central nervous system(CNS) and peripheral nervous system(PNS) were additionally marked in 'blue'.

Our nervous system consists of the Central Nervous System(CNS) and the Peripheral Nervous System(PNS).

The central nervous system(CNS) consists of the brain and spinal cord. Looking at the central hierarchical structure, the brain is largely divided into the cerebrum, diencephalon, cerebellum, midbrain, pons, and medualla. As shown in the figure above, 12 pairs of cranial nerves originage from each location. Thespinal cord transmits nerve signals originating from the brain and serves as an important control center related to autonomic nervous system.

The peripheral nervous system(PNS) is connected to the central nervous system(CNS) and operated through neurons and synapses. The peripheral nervous system is divided into the somatic nervous system(SNS) and the autonomic nervous system(ANS). and the 12 cranial nerves are also included in the peripheral nervous system. The somatic nervous system, in turn, directly influences our voluntary activities, such as hearing and speaking, through afferent sensory nerves and efferent motor nerves. The autonomic nervous system is divided into the sympatheic nervous system and th parasympathetic nervous system. Autonomic, as the name suggests, regulates automatic physiological functions in the body, such as heart rate, breathing, and digestion. 

As the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system work in harmony to perform various functions such as sensation, movement, physiology, and cognition, they play an important role that directly affects our language and speech sounds. 

We looked at the makeup of our nervous system ans a whole. Next, let's look at the process through which these nerve signals are transmitted.